Natural Gas in Israel Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Flammable gas in Israel - Assignment Example This implies even as it centers around monetary turn of events, Israel must focus on its guard and the exercises of its neighbors and keep up a hearty and very much idea out international strategy. One other test that the nation needs to manage is contamination. With the improvement of new ventures comes more contamination. The nation has taken a heap of measures to guarantee that it stays stable and reap the asset reasonably. It is not yet clear, nonetheless, how the nation will manage these difficulties.  For quite a while, the world has known the financial significance of oil and petroleum gas. Numerous nations including The United Arab Emirates and Canada are the declaration to the riches and influence that accompanies having petroleum gas and oil as a major aspect of a country’s characteristic assets. Being arranged in the Middle East which is related with monstrous oil and flammable gas holds, Israel trusted that it also would appreciate the advantages of having oil and petroleum gas wells since the time its foundation as a cutting edge nation. While this was the situation, the country’s possibilities of finding flammable gas and oil almost no guarantee.  Between 1954 and 1969, the formally nation started to chase for petroleum gas holds off and coastal as confirmed by Forman (2013). After increasingly an extensive stretch of looking, the Tethys Sea Partnership declared that it had found flammable gas in the Noa field. The disclosure of the Mari B field after the main revelation was an accomplishment that started incredible enthusiasm for Israel’s coast. The year 2005 saw Israel sign an agreement with Egypt for the flexibly of 40 percent of its yearly interest (Forman 2013). The Tamar, Dalit 1, and Levithian holds were found somewhere in the range of 2009 and 2012 imprints a significant forward leap for the little nation (Forman 2013). Without precedent for the historical backdrop of Israel, petroleum gas from the Tamar save streamed in 2013 denoting another significant forward leap in the country’s history. Â

IT Security and Landscape Technology †Free Samples for Students

Question: Talk About The IT Security And Landscape Technology? Answer: Introducation An emergency is continuous for as far back as not many years identified with the security of data innovation in different ventures. The advancement in innovation has been similarly countered by the developing pace of digital wrongdoing and its quality. That is the reason, a total security instrument is never really accomplished that will give all out assurance from a wide range of digital dangers. The digital hoodlums appear to remain one-stride in front of the individuals who battle against them. This is business , the designers consistently consider creating point security devices that suites their competency. For instance, a system designer accentuates security in the system level and builds up a system security instrument (Jaferian et al., 2014). So also, an applications security designer makes and conveys a security device that ensures a gadget in its application level. In conclusion, the gatherings entitled for the security of figuring gadgets like PC and cell phones is concerned uniquely with end-point assurance and create security apparatuses appropriately. This has made a significant issue as the clients neglect to get what they need from the security suppliers. The inconsistency of the security instruments among one another ensuring different parts of a gadget frequently give the window required by the digital assailants to penetrate the guard. So as to change this s ituation the perspective of the security suppliers need to change and a comprehensive methodology should be received like the converging of security and investigation through execution of developing promising advances like Hadoop, propelled information security knowledge and cloud (Rahman, Hidayah Choo, 2015). IT Security Models and Access Controls The developing digital danger in the current universe of innovation have raised the requirement for the execution of increasingly more mind boggling assurance models and strategies to the framework. One of the fundamental procedure of security is get to control. The motivation behind access control is to allow a particular individual some particular arrangement of consents that are required to access a particular area of a gadget or a particular data (Jin, Krishnan Sandhu, 2012). A situation can outline this where an individual needs to make a way for a room, which is bolted, and the individual don't have the way to it. Giving the way in to the entryway of the room will permit that particular individual to open the entryway and access the room. In the field of innovation, this activity is accomplished by giving the client a username and secret key that the client will just know and that will concede access to the necessary data just to the client. There are four models of an entrance control, which are Mandatory Access Control (MAC), Discretionary Access Control (DAC), Rule Based Access Control (RBAC or RB-RBAC) and Role Based Access Control (RBAC) (Jin, Krishnan Sandhu, 2012). The MAC gives the proprietor and the overseer just the administration of the entrance control. There are two security models related with MAC, to be specific, Bell-LaPadula and Biba. The DAC licenses a client full power over any gadget possessed by the client alongside all the projects and segments related with the gadget. The RBAC permits a client get to dependent on the pretended by the client in an association. The RB-RBAC sets the entrance for the client powerfully dependent on the measures characterized by the framework chairman. Aside from the four gets to, control models expressed above there are two strategies for get to control known as intelligent and physical access control technique (Almutairi et al., 2012). IT Security Threat and Risk Assessment The motivation behind a danger and hazard appraisal is to offer proposals to a client that upgrades the security of private data or substance without influencing the useful perspectives or ease of use of the framework (Rausand, 2013). Hazard appraisal can be performed utilizing both inward and outside assets in an association. The key factors in appraisal of danger and hazard are as per the following: Degree The extension permits an examiner to comprehend the holes that should be canvassed in a hazard evaluation. It perceives the essential perspectives that need security and the degree to which it is to be ensured (Behnia, Rashid Chaudhry, 2012). Information Collection The procedure of assortment of information incorporates obtaining all the current methods and strategies and perceiving those are missing or is unaccounted (Behnia, Rashid Chaudhry, 2012). Strategy and Procedure Analysis The examination and evaluation of the present systems and approaches is performed to quantify the consistence level inside the association. Hotspots for consistence of arrangement that is can be utilized are ISO17799, BSI 7799 and ISO 15504 (Behnia, Rashid Chaudhry, 2012). Examination of Vulnerability This technique breaks down the perceived data that is gained and evaluate the adequacy of the assurance that is at present in activity and if any progressively protected watchman is required (Behnia, Rashid Chaudhry, 2012). Danger Analysis Threat can be portrayed any kind of mischief that can cause interference, altering or devastation of any thing or administration that conveys esteem. Examination of danger includes the inquiry and identification of such perspectives and evaluation is done to discover potential answers for such dangers (Behnia, Rashid Chaudhry, 2012). Worthy Risk Analysis The motivation behind this kind of examination is to perceive the assurance that is presently being utilized and the legitimacy of such safe gatekeepers. On the off chance that the sheltered gatekeeper is seen as inadequate for insurance then it is distinguished as helplessness (Behnia, Rashid Chaudhry, 2012). References Stomach muscle Rahman, N. H., Choo, K. K. R. (2015). A study of data security episode taking care of in the cloud. PCs Security, 49, 45-69. Almutairi, A., Sarfraz, M., Basalamah, S., Aref, W., Ghafoor, A. (2012). A circulated get to control engineering for distributed computing. IEEE programming, 29(2), 36-44. Behnia, A., Rashid, R. A., Chaudhry, J. A. (2012). A study of data security hazard investigation techniques. SmartCR, 2(1), 79-94. Jaferian, P., Hawkey, K., Sotirakopoulos, A., Velez-Rojas, M., Beznosov, K. (2014). Heuristics for assessing IT security the executives instruments. HumanComputer Interaction, 29(4), 311-350. Jin, X., Krishnan, R., Sandhu, R. S. (2012). A Unified Attribute-Based Access Control Model Covering DAC, MAC and RBAC. DBSec, 12, 41-55. Rausand, M. (2013). Hazard appraisal: hypothesis, techniques, and applications (Vol. 115). John Wiley Sons.

The Powerful Message of Becketts That Time :: That Time Essays

Lord Of The Flies By William Golding - 1381 Words

An issue going around for many years lately has been the abuse of power. It is not always abusing power; It is abusing rights as well. In William Golding’s Lord of the Flies, the abuse of power and rights is represented by only a few characters and is portrayed many times. Ralph and Jack, the two main characters, both abused their power by controlling the actions of the groups. Golding illustrates that having too much power can lead someone or something to making the wrong choices or making the choices that benefit only themselves. Jack and Ralph were put with the task of being in charge of the two groups and to control everyone s beliefs and ideas about survival. Throughout the paper, the idea of abusing power will be shown by how politicians have abused and taken advantage of their rights, how bullies use their strength to take charge of other people, and also by the idea of dictatorship. In Lord of the Flies, the idea of dictatorship is shown when the children first got to the island, their leader was kind of known to be a dictator. Ralph took it upon himself to call a meeting, making him a dominating candidate for their voting. Not only Ralph, but Jack thought to take charge too. Jack separated from the civilized group and started leading his own group. Even towards the beginning of the story, Ralph said that, â€Å"I expect we’ll want to know everyone’s names, and make a list. We ought to have a meeting†(Golding 11). The key words in that statement are â€Å"WeShow MoreRelatedLord Of The Flies By William Golding869 Words   |  4 PagesLord of the Flies Psychology Sometimes people wear fake personas like a cloak over their shoulders, used to hide what is really underneath. This harsh reality is witnessed in William Golding’s classic Lord of the Flies, a novel that is famous for not only its sickening plot, but also for the emotional breakdowns all of its characters experience. These issues are akin to those shown in certain real-world psychological experiments. A summary of Golding’s Lord of the Flies, combined with the evidenceRead MoreThe Lord Of The Flies By William Golding1347 Words   |  6 Pages The theme of The Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, is the reason society is flawed is because people are flawed. Although Piggy is knowledgeable, he has many flaws including his laziness and physical inabilities. Ralph is an authority seeker. He sets rules and laws, yet does little to enforce them. Ralph wants to be the ruler, without doing the work to enforce his laws. Jack is persistent. He is rude, harsh and violent in or der to get what he wants. He wants to be supreme. Piggy’s flaws areRead MoreLord Of The Flies By William Golding1123 Words   |  5 PagesIn the novel Lord of The Flies by William Golding, the characters Ralph, Piggy, and Jack represent important World War II leaders Franklin Roosevelt, Adolf Hitler, and Winston Churchill. Golding, who had served in World War II, was well aware of the savagery created, and used it to base his book on. Ralph represents Franklin Roosevelt , Jack represents Adolf Hitler, and Piggy represents Winston Churchill. Ralph being of the novel’s main protagonist is important in the outcome of the story becauseRead MoreThe Lord Of The Flies By William Golding1065 Words   |  5 PagesThe Lord of the Flies Essay The Lord of the Flies written by William Golding and published on September 17, 1954 is a story told about a group of stranded boys and their fight for survival against the wilderness and themselves. In this story many signs of symbolism are used by Golding to point out certain aspects of society that Golding thought strongly of. This story on first read may just seem to be a survival- esque piece of literature but, on a deeper look one can find Golding’s true motiveRead MoreLord of The Flies by William Golding619 Words   |  2 PagesGovernments are no different; they fight for power just like the rest of us do. They just do it on a much bigger scale. Qualities from Oligarchy, Totalitarianism, Democracy, Dictatorship, and Anarchy governments are used in several parts of Lord of The Flies that represent different characters and different situations. An Oligarchy is a small group of people having control of a country or organization. A Totalitarianism government is a form of government that permits no individual freedom and thatRead MoreThe Lord of the Flies by William Golding1306 Words   |  5 PagesIn The Lord of the Flies, William Golding creates a microcosm that appears to be a utopia after he discharged from the British Royal Navy following World War II. After an emergency landing, Golding places a diverse group of boys on the island that soon turns out to be anything but utopia. The island the boys are on turns out to be an allegorical dystopia with inadequate conditions (Bryfonski 22). The boys reject all lessons they learned from their prior British society, and they turn towards theirRead MoreLord of the Flies by William Golding932 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscussing two particular themes from a novel called Lord of the Flies by William Golding. Lord of the Flies was written in 1954 after World War II. Ruler of the Flies is a purposeful anecdote about something that many readers can’t really describe. Individuals cant choose precisely what. Its either about the inalienable underhanded of man, or mental battle, or religion, or personal inclination, or the creators emotions on war; however William Golding was in the Navy throughout World War II, or perhapsRead MoreLord Of The Flies By William Golding1383 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to Lord of the Flies is still a Blueprint for Savagery by Eleanor Learmonth and Jenny Tabakoff, the words â€Å"I’m afraid. Of us† first appeared in Golding’s novel 60 years ago. Lord of the Flies by William Golding follows a group of schoolboys trapped on an island after a plane crash during a world war. At the beginning, they celebrate as the y have total autonomy as there are no adults around. They attempt to establish a civilization but when order collapses, they go on a journey from civilizationRead MoreLord of the Flies, by William Golding1055 Words   |  5 Pages In William Goldings Lord of the Flies a group of English school boys crash land onto an uninhabited island somewhere in the Mid Atlantic ocean. Ralph, the protagonist and also the elected leader, tries to maintain peace and avoid any calamity on the island. However, Jack is neither willing to contribute nor listen because he is jealous of Ralph and has a sickening obsession with killing boars. Ralph has some good traits that help him maintain peace and balance for a period of time. He is charismaticRead MoreLord Of The Flies By William Golding Essay1475 Words   |  6 Pages Outline Introduction Short intro for Lord of the Flies Short intro on Gangs The bullying and group mentality demonstrated in gangs has resemblances to the characters in Lord of the Flies. II. Bullying/Group mentality Gangs Drugs/Loyalty B. Lord of the flies Jack kills the pig/Jack and Ralph fight III. Effects B. Lord of the flies Jack killing the pig aftermath Violence IV. Conclusion Gangs are considered a group of people that have a common link together

Anorexia The Cheating Disorder, by Richard Murphy

â€Å"Anorexia: The Cheating Disorder† by Richard Murphy discusses two instances the author was suspicious of students plagiarizing their work, as well as the damage plagiarism can cause to everyone involved. Murphy was an associate English professor at Radford University (898) and has experienced many attempts at plagiarism, describing it as â€Å"a thin wood splinter in the edge of one’s thumb† (899). That feeling is irritating and can’t be ignored until it is removed, so the author is obsessive about discovering the sources of plagiarism. While his thesis that when plagiarism occurs there is a disconnect in the relationship between student and professor is true, his incessant drive to unearth the truth at the expense of understanding every†¦show more content†¦The second story the author discusses is starkly different from that of the Anorexia paper, and makes an example of the type of trouble plagiarism can cause in an institution and those involved in it. In this instance, a male student submits a paper discussing the assigned topic in such a way that triggers the suspicions of the professor. Murphy eventually discovers the true origin of the paper, only to find the student had gone so far as to cut out the evidence from the book. Many denials and meetings later he was â€Å"Within the week . . . suspended from the University.† (900). An academic career over, and a weakening of a professors already tenuous ability to trust in his students, were all this case resulted in. Academic dishonesty, plagiarism, wastes the time of everyone involved. It wastes the time of the student because they aren’t learning anything. It wastes the time of the professor who has to search for the original sources of the plagiarized works. And it wastes the time of the committee formed to decide the fate of the student. The author mentions several times his distaste for having to search: â€Å"Though I should not have had time to play detective, I made room among all the duties of my life to pursue this student.† (900). Murphy was disappointed in his own inability to drop the case, needing to follow it to it’s conclusion despite his busy

Operations Management Question - 1146 Words

FALL 2011 2011 Deadline: October 26, Middle East Technical University – Northern Cyprus Campus BUS 361 Operations Management Homework 1 - Solutions 1. Fruit Computer Company manufactures memory chips in lots of ten chips. From past experience, Fruit knows that 80% of all lots contain 10% (1 out of 10) defective chips, 20% of all lots contain 50% (5 out of 10) defective chips. If a good batch (that is, 10% defective) of chips is sent on to the next stage of production, processing costs of $1000 are incurred, and if a bad batch (that is, 50% defective) is sent on to the next stage of production, processing costs of $4000 are incurred. Fruit also has the alternative of reworking a batch at a cost of $1000. A reworked batch is†¦show more content†¦Ã¢Ë†â€˜ b. Balance Delay (D) = b1= 3, b2= 1, b3= 0, b4= 3, b5= 5, b6= 8 Ì… = 20/6 = 3.33, Workload Imbalance (B) = √ c. Lower bound on number of workstations = [ ] [∑ ] =[ ] LB[D] = 0, LB[B] =0. None of the lower bounds are equal to the obtained objective values (K*, D, B). Thus, we do not know whether the solution obtained by RPW heuristic is optimal or not.Show MoreRelatedQuestions on Operations Management1661 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Chapter 1: Introduction to Operations Management Overview This chapter provides a definition of operations management. The role and importance of operations in an organization are described, along with operations decisions that are made. The differences between manufacturing and services are described. The history and current trends of operations management are discussed, including the impact of information systems. Finally, the interaction between operations and other business functionsRead MoreA Question Paper on Operations Management1801 Words   |  8 PagesMGS 4700 Operations Management Exam 1 (Sample) Name__________________________________ Exam Instructions: Do not open the exam until you are told to do so. ï‚ · ï‚ · Calculators are allowed (and encouraged) One â€Å"cheat sheet† per person is allowed o Must be 8.5† by 11† or smaller o Must only have writing on one side Academic Integrity: Cheating on examinations involves giving or receiving unauthorized help before, during or after an examination. Also includes allowing another student to viewRead MoreOperations Management Week 1 Discussion Questions Essay586 Words   |  3 Pages8FINA 301 Capital Budgeting Exercises Nicholas Bush Capital Budgeting Exercise 1 You are considering the purchase of one of two machines used in your manufacturing plant. Machine A has a life of two years, costs $1500 initially, and then $400 per year in maintenance costs. Machine B costs $2000 initially, has a life of three years, and requires $300 in annual maintenance costs. Either machine mustRead MoreJob Requirements For Operation Manager1557 Words   |  7 Pagesright place. This report aimed at identify the interview structure and appraisal issues and analyse job requirements for operation manager in the case of Ateam Fashion Ltd, a leader in fashion designing and customizing fields. Besides, the key performance indicators for this position will be assessed to create the framework and guidance to improve their performance. Operation manager recruitment description Ateam Fashion Ltd, a leading merchandising fashion company in Australia that design and customizeRead MoreThree Concepts Of Operations Management877 Words   |  4 PagesConcepts of Operations Management Business Models â€Å"Operations and project managers must be attuned to the characteristics of the organization and the demands placed on them to increase efficiencies and effectiveness† (Satterlee, 2013, p. 237). It is within these characteristics and demands that you will find the three most important concepts of operations management and business models, total quality management (TQM), project management and operations management. Operations Management Read MoreJawapan Past Years Opm 5301476 Words   |  6 PagesJANUARY 2012 QUESTION 1 ‘Operation management is the set of activities that create value in the form of goods and service by transforming inputs into outputs’. Based on the statement, explain briefly the 10 Operation Management critical decisions i. Design of goods and services ii. Managing quality iii. Process and capacity design iv. Location strategy v. Layout strategy vi. Human resource and job design vii. Supply chain management viii. Inventory, materialRead MoreBIRMINGHAM INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT1053 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ BIRMINGHAM INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT Introduction: Operations management is concerned with the design, planning, control and improvement of an organization’s resources and processes to produce goods or services for customers. Whether it is the provision of airport services, greetings cards, plastic buckets or holidays, operations managers will have been involved in the design, creation and delivery of those products or service each part of the airport – terminals, baggage handling services, aeroRead More Industrial Engineering Essay695 Words   |  3 Pages Technical Drawing Related Career Report nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Industrial Engineers serve as a bridge between management and operations. They combine their solid engineering background with good business sense and management ability. They figure out the best use of facilities, equipment and people for the most cost efficient and productive way to make or process a product. Industrial Engineers concentrate on improving manufacturing productivity and reducing costs associated with inventoryRead MoreQuestions On The Research Process Essay1184 Words   |  5 Pagesselecting research questions. Sauro (2013) discussion of the research process provides further details on the factors that contribute to the successful research question selection. In selecting a successful research question, the research must be able to identify the researcher must see the need for this particular study, define the issue, and to find solution or solutions to resolve it. The research should provide a clear picture for the researcher to discover if the research question can be solvedRead MoreZappos Case Study802 Words   |  4 Pagescreation, one support, and one general management Process you might encounter at Zippos. The customer benefit package Zappos provided to their customers is the† Deliver Wow through Service† for customers who ever order from Zappos , and they also provide free shipping in both directions for all their purchases and they often give customers free upgrade surprise and 360 return day policy. 2. Explain the role of service encounters and service management skills at Zappos. How does Zappos create

An Idea free essay sample

I remember career day back in my old elementary school. The teacher told us to pick our future career and to come in dressed up. There were firefighters, astronauts, and doctors as far as the eye could see. My career choice back then was to be a veterinarian, like so many of many fellow classmates. A veterinarian was a popular, almost fashionable choice for a future career. Yet as I got older, the answer to the career choice got harder and harder. It was no longer about which career was the best sounding answer to the teacher. It was about which career would be best for me. My answer changed throughout middle school and through high school as my peers and myself grew. Some of my friends have found their purpose or â€Å"dream jobs† as like the rest of the graduating class. I, however, feel like an exception to this. Even now when asked about my future, I have no reply. We will write a custom essay sample on An Idea or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Right now I am at the point when I’m supposed to have a decisive goal and objective for the rest of my life. Although countless amounts of students have made this choice before me, it is not an easy one. It is difficult to imagine myself in the future because I cannot predict what the future will hold. I am only 17 years old. I have not experienced the world yet. The seven year old me that had chosen so quickly, did not know about the world and its ways. I have lived in my â€Å"safety bubble† for 17 years, my friends and family to guide me through tough choices and issues. But this choice is not something I can ask them to do. The only person I could trust this decision to is myself. I have to find my own path and decide my own future. Regardless of the fact that I am not definite about my career, I have an idea. An idea that will develop and change over time but the basis will remain the same. I want to help people and the earth simultaneously. Helping human society advance but without destroying the environment that we live in. Yet even as I am certain that is the path I will follow, I do not know what exact that will lead to career is best for me. I want to research and study the environment but not find myself in a lab all day. I want to help advise people about decisions regarding the environment but not be stuck in an office all the time. I want to have choices in my occupation, moving from place to place and meeting new people. This is my idea, something that will both help the human and natural world. My idea is not fully developed but studying the environment and human impact is the path I want to follow. I may not end up with the popular career, but I know that it will fit me perfectly.

Aspects Of Marriage Essay Research Paper Aspects free essay sample

Aspects Of Marriage Essay, Research Paper Aspects of Marriage The function of # 8220 ; supplier # 8221 ; has changed through out clip. Bernard quotes the 23rd Psalm along with Exodus 16:12-13. In relation to these Bible poetries Bernard says this, # 8220 ; In fact, in this function of good supplier, God is sometimes about synonymous with Providence. # 8221 ; She goes on to state that # 8220 ; the first great supplier for the human species was God, the Father, certainly the 2nd great supplier for the human species was Mother, the gatherer, plantation owner, and general factotum. # 8221 ; At this point in early history adult females had a immense function as the supplier. Harmonizing to Boulding ( 1976 ) , # 8220 ; In hunting and assemblage societies, males contribute to fifth part of the nutrient of the kin, females the other four-fifths. # 8221 ; Page 236 describes the virtuous adult females in the Old Testament. The adult female in this adage was the # 8220 ; really theoretical account of a good provider. # 8221 ; Women shortly lost the function of # 8220 ; good provider. We will write a custom essay sample on Aspects Of Marriage Essay Research Paper Aspects or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page # 8221 ; Page 237 provinces that # 8220 ; The good supplier as a specialised male function seems to hold arisen in the passage from subsistence to market particularly money economic systems accelerated with the Industrial Revolution. # 8221 ; The book states that the loss of the # 8220 ; good supplier # 8221 ; function for adult females has had negative effects. Bernard says that it placed adult females in a vulnerable place. Page 237 says this, # 8220 ; Because she was non reimbursed for her parts to the household in either merchandises or services, a married woman was stripped to a considerable extent of her entree to cash-mediated markets. By detering labour force engagement, it deprived many adult females, particularly flush 1s, of chances to accomplish strength and competency. Work force presuming the # 8220 ; good supplier # 8221 ; function has come with jobs. The book states that # 8220 ; some work forces resented the loads the function forced them to bear. # 8221 ; If a adult male was holding jobs carry throughing the function he would sometimes take it out on his household. Marriages suffered because of the defeat felt by both work forces and adult females. Harmonizing to the book some work forces did rather good with the function, but supplying work forces would concentrate O n small else. This would take to miss of familiarity in the matrimony. Later readings suggest that the household has suffered when the female parent re-enters the work force. Page 260 provinces, â€Å"The two occupation household is enduring from a speed-up of work and household life.† This page goes on to state that working female parents are the primary victims. Norman D. Glenn says that traditional households are in problem. He goes on to province, # 8220 ; If current divorce rates continue, approximately two out of three matrimonies that begin this twelvemonth will non last every bit long as both partners live. # 8221 ; Harmonizing to this reading, what Americans say does non reflect this. Glenn has found that studies taken in recent old ages, sing expressed attitudes towards the household, have remained consistent with those taken in 1971. It appears people are non cognizant of the jobs matrimonies and households face. Parenthood is a passage that unites or divides households. Jay Belsky and John Kelly province that, # 8220 ; Behind this common husband-wife perceptual spread lay some profound differences in biological science, upbringing, and possibly even evolutionary programming. # 8221 ; The book says that some adult females see a feeling of # 8220 ; love at first sight # 8221 ; with the baby. For work forces it can take hebdomads before a strong bond occurs. One of the grounds that marriages unite is because of a # 8220 ; common set of satisfaction s. # 8221 ; Harmonizing to the book, parentage leads to break self esteem in both work forces and adult females. Parenthood can besides take to a biological connexion in the matrimony ( p.293 ) . Children conveying out pride in parents. Penelope Leach infers that parents view kid development as a race. Leach states on page 297 that, # 8220 ; We behave as if the kid who walks earliest will run quickest, as if exceptionally early individual words predict meaningful subsequently sentences. # 8221 ; We are told on page 299 that, # 8220 ; A babe s public presentation today says really small that is utile about his likely public presentation next year. # 8221 ; Parents get their self-importance s involved, and this is sad for kids. It is difficult for childs to populate up to their parents outlooks, particularly when they are non grounded in world.

hak essays

hak essays Advertising promotes more than mere products in our popular culture. Because images used in advertising are often idealized, they eventually set the standard which we in turn feel we must live up to. Advertisements serve to show us what the ideal image is, and further tell us how to obtain it. Advertisers essentially have the power to promote positive images or negative images. Unfortunately, most of the roles portrayed by women tend to fit the latter description. The irony lies therein since it is these negative images which have been most successful in selling products. It is easy to understand the appeal which these ads hold for men, as they place women in an inferior role; one characterized by helplessness, fragility and vulnerability. Certainly one can not deny that visual images serve to create the ideal female beauty within the material realm of consumer culture. The problem is that if one strays from this ideal, there's the risk of not being accepted by men. Advertisers, by setting ideals, not only sell their products, but in fact reaffirm traditional gender roles in mainstream America. Women portrayed in sexual ads are depicted as objects and commodities, to be consumed by men for visual pleasure and by women for self-definition. Any depiction of a woman in scant clothing ultimately makes her look vulnerable and powerless, especially when placed next to a physically stronger man. Studies show that advertisements will concentrate primarily on a woman's body parts rather than her facial expressions. Also, it was proven that over 50% of commercials portraying women contained at least one camera shot focusing on her chest. Men enjoy these images, and sadly, women tend to try to embody them, regardless of the extent to which they degrade themselves. Perhaps one of the most recent, successful, and controversial ad campaigns of the nineties is that of Calvin Klein. Ironically, in contrast to the ...

Functional and non-functional requirements in Software development Essay

Functional and non-functional requirements in Software development - Essay Example This involves the set of actions that clarify what exactly a particular system has to do. On the other hand, non-functional requirements engross the system constraints that define how it will do the functional requirements. It acts as a criterion for elaborating the performance of a particular system (Yang, 2010). The functional and non-functional requirements of any system always have a huge effect on the development life cycle. To be precise, all through the development life cycle of a system, functional requirements as the main subject of concern in each phase (Mishra & Mohanty, 2012). Right from the first phase, requirements analysis, to, maintenance phase, functional requirements act as the basis for each phase. That is, each phase, must ensure that the predefined functional requirements satisfy what the user is expected to get from the system. In this sense, functional requirements always define the amount of time to be spent in the system development life cycle (Shelly & Rosenblatt, 2012). A crucial example of functional requirements is, adding a new order into a web-based order entry system. This functionality requires a number of key attributes to be defined and they include, order name, its identification, time it was processed among others as stipulated in the requirements analysis phase. Therefore, as soon as this functional requirement is defined, then, throughout the development life cycle the developer must ensure that its features are perfectly satisfied until a final output product is delivered (Milanovic, 2011). One of the major non-functional requirements is efficiency. As stipulated earlier, non-functional requirements include the constraints that will elaborate how a system is to meet the pre defined functional requirements. To the development life cycle, efficiency depends on the outputs of the functional requirements. In this sense, non-functional requirements have very little effect

Enterprise Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Enterprise Finance - Essay Example The basic characterization of these sources can be done on two levels; internal and external (Biz/ed 2007). Previously, internal sources were more widely available to businesses, and they depended heavily on this method of financing. However, now external sources are also being greatly availed. Each method has several more characterizations, and each sub-source has its own advantages and disadvantages. The discussion that follows will cite as examples several of these sources for an analysis of the different methods of business finance. Internal Sources: as the name implies, this method of financing depends upon the business itself, and no external help is involved. Economic stability ha to be generated from within the establishment. Bushiness that do not have resources, funds or the means to invest or implore outside means of finance see it as the ideal way of establishing and developing their businesses. It is easier, hassle free and can be done on a more customized level, as the only party involved is the business management itself. However, this method involves a greater time period for the results to surface, and the management has to rely on its components for co-operation and patience if the efforts have top be dealt with successfully. Furthermore, mostly relatively small business make use of this approach of financing, as the greater the establishment, the greater the funds required for the maintenance and development of the business, and these increased funds can seldom be catered for internally. Also, all the loses of incurred during this process of financing would have to be born by the

Philosophy-Metaphysics Essay Example for Free

Philosophy-Metaphysics Essay â€Å"The PNC: A property cannot both belong and not belong to a subject at the same time and in the same respect. The PNC is the most certain principle, i. e. :1) It is not possible to be wrong about it. 2) If you know anything, you know it (all statements of knowledge imply it). †(Chance, 2005) The Principle of Non-Contradiction is both a law of thought and a law of being. Aristotle propagated this principle first. Since then, voluminous literature is written on this principle, many arguments have been put forth elaborating it. It is believed that this principle is the basis, foundation of all demonstrative sciences. Intuitive understanding is the gateway to knowing PNC. In character, it is un-hypothetical. Its indemonstrability needs to be understood in the proper perspective. The PNC protects the unity of the thought process. The content of one’s thought is its non-contradictory nature. That is to say, the content of one’s thought is the non-contradictory nature of being. To deny it is not to say reality itself is contradictory by nature. Here, the fact to be noted is that insufficient education and understanding on the part of the person who denies the principle. But there are many, who deny; foremost among them are para-logicians. Their mental block seems to be their problem, i. e. how we present what we present before them. How the reality is framed for tendering the version to them. The principle could be both true and false. As per Quantum Mechanics, when we can’t make out the proper option between the two, the principle needs to be deemed as meaningless and void. Many situations can be quoted in support of drawing such a conclusion. Aristotle has the answer for this sort of criticism. Those who deny the principle merely assume that they deny; the very denial contains in fact, their acceptance of the principle. Their question whether the PNC is true or false has the answer –they assume that it is either true or false. Ipso, facto, they speak in is affirmation. But there are instances where the PNC contradicts physics. Relativism as a theory must be false, if the PNC is true. If A believes that the sun is shining, and B believes that the sun is not shining, one of them obviously must be false. Every argument has a counter argument; every example can be challenged by yet another contradictory-example. The attitude of most of the people is, ‘Whatever I say is correct. None is willing to accept that ‘whatever correct is there in the world, belongs to me. ’ It is the acknowledged principle with the rationalists and scientists that nothing could be accepted as true without evidence. But then there is an authentic counter-question for this as well. How one can know that the method employed for knowing or accepting the evidence is true? This is an important observation, which is difficult to refute. The truth of the PNC can be soundly argued on the basis of what Aristotle has propounded about it. But this is true of mind-level issues and examples. If one of the ‘arguing’ individuals has transcended the mind-barrier, his uttering will be on the basis of his realization, and that can never be explained through words, sentences and explanations. Such ‘issues’ form part of the experience-domain of an individual. Even Aristotle has to stop here, with his files related to PNC. To take something for granted as truth, the essential tools one uses are, Reason and Logic. These tools will break and are powerless at the end of the mind barrier. They will never be able to break the barrier.

Religion and School Prayer in Public Schools Essay -- Prayer in Public

     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   America's founders envisioned a nation whose government would allow for freedoms and rights to be guaranteed to its citizens. The desire for religious freedom was prominent, sine it was not a right granted to the early colonists living under Briti sh rule. Because England's government forced all of its citizens to learn and practice the same religion, America's first legislators made certain that government intervention in religious matters was prohibited. Therefore, religious freedom was ensured in the First Amendment to the Constitution, as it states, "Congress shall make no law respecting the establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof. . ." (Whitehead, Rights 49). This statement allowed Americans to f reely express and practice or chose not to practice a religion. The two distinct parts of the religious freedom affirmation in the First Amendment became known as the Free Exercise Clause, which guarantees religious expressio n, and the Establishment Clau se, which protects citizens from state sponsored religion (Whitehead, Rights 49). These two clauses are generally interpreted as being contradictory to each other. Often times, a right guaranteed by one clause contrasts with a right maintained by the other clause. Since the two clauses rae not black and white, there is an extensive amount of gray area. Due to the conflicting religious expression clauses stated under the First Amendment, the role of prayer in public schools is controversial and must be interpreted in such a way to accommodate all and restrain from violating the rights of any religious believers and nonbelievers.    The dispute over school prayer has stemmed from the government's views on the relationsh... ...ayer. Buffalo, New York: Prometheus Books, 1994. Barker, Dan. "The Case Against School Prayer." Internet Infidels. Online. Internet. 21 October 2002. Available: http://www.infidels.org/org/ffrf/issues/pray.html Farmer, Rod. "The School Prayer Issue." Education 104 (1984): 248-49. Gaffney, Edward McGlynn. "A Church in Texas." Commonweal 124 (April 25, 1997): 9-10. O'Connor, Sandra. "Forward: the Establishment Clause and Endorsement of Religion." Journal of Law and Religion 8 (1990): 1-4. Sikorski, Robert. Prayer in Public Schools and the Constitution 1961-1992. New York: Garland Publishing Inc., 1993. Thomas, Oliver. "Prayer and Speech." Finding Common Ground 12 (1996): 29 pars. Online. Internetr. 1 October 2002. Whitehead, John W. The Rights of Religious Persons in Public Education. Wheaton, Illinois: Crossway Books, 1994: 33,49-50.

Advantages of Strategic Intent Thinking Essay

Introduction Though strategic intent thinking and strategic planning aim at one thing, they are quite different from one another. The former involves development and application of high-level and unique business strategies with the aim of attaining competitive advantage for the firm. Strategic intent helps firms to focus on new capabilities to tap future opportunities. The notion is internally focused and has serious implications on how a business competes. The process is characterized by broad and long-term target, and relates sense of urgency as well as lengthens attention.   The major purpose of strategic intent is to help organizations share a common intention in order survive business competition and adapt to changes in the business world. Strategic planning is defined by (Miztberg, 1994) as an analysis of business operations. The analysis involves breaking business goals into manageable parts, designing how steps are implemented and estimating the anticipated outcomes of each goal. According to this definition, the process elaborate goals and strategies that already exist. Strategic planning supports strategies that have been developed through strategic thinking. The two processes aims at raising the performance of the firm. However, they have significant differences. Strategic intent thinking is intent focused. It allows managers and all other stakeholders to commit themselves for as long as a certain strategy works. When applied to Costco Company, it can be noted that Costco employees are well  Ã‚   paid, which eliminates workers turnover. This means that the employees at Costco are motivated to ensure strategy works no matter the time it takes. Strategic intent thinking takes into consideration the past, the present and the future, unlike strategic planning which considers the future only. This means that strategy should not be driven by the future intent alone. The gap between today and tomorrow is very important when devising a business strategy. In addition to this, strategic intent think is responsive to business opportunities. This means that managers who employ this system of thinking are able to identify future opportunities and prepare to take them. Costco seems to employ this strategy. The company managers anticipate its sales to rise by 2017 because of the increased use of the internet. Internet continues to create new demand for goods and services. This means that Costco must revise its goals and missions to tap the demand being created by the use of the internet. According to( DeGeus ,1988) the traditional view of strategy emphasizes on the degree to which a business fits between current opportunities and existing resources while strategic intent brings misfit between ambitions and resources.   He further argues that the process requires a number of people who should understand their organization’s work. This way, they will be able to think strategically and work towards achieving organizational goals. Back to our case study, it can be noted that Costco understands that a business does not operate in vacuum.   With this in mind, Costco strives to conserve the environment by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This is one way of cutting down operational costs, and can help the company achieve a competitive advantage. On the other hand, Costco pays its employees more salary than the industry average. This way, Costco is able to operate at serene environment, which has no disruptions such as strikes. References DeGeus, A. P. (1988, March/April). Planning as learning. Harvard Business Review, 70-74. Mintzberg, H. (1994). The fall and rise of strategic planning. Harvard Business Review, 107-114.

Emotional Intelligence - 1076 Words

How smart are you? While this question may be seemingly simple to answer, it is an interesting question because it suggests someone’s level of mental competence can be measured. If there is an answer to this question, it suggests that a person’s level of smartness or intelligence can be found pretty straightforwardly by a score on a measurement of intelligence such as an IQ test. Find a pen or pencil, have a seat, and take an IQ test. Even better, look one up on the internet. Hours†¦or even minutes later you will receive a score that supposedly tells you how smart you actually are. â€Å"Based on these results, you are ______ smart.† The emphasis is on smart and how well a person’s mental capacity is captured in writing, on a test. Is this†¦show more content†¦Brotherson (2003) holds that it â€Å"concerns our awareness of our own and others’ emotions, their influence on us, and how to manage them in positive and meaningful ways† (2003). Ask yourselves if music affects your spirits and how it either uplifts or saddens you depending on the mood you are in and what form of music is being played. When you are feeling angry or ready to â€Å"explode,† are you able to get control of yourself, take a breather, and lower your temper or hostility towards others? Are you sensitive or sympathetic towards others when you realize that you are acting badly towards them? If so, you have learned and developed emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is critical in the business world. In addition to being sensitive to and perceptive of other people’s emotions, emotional intelligence involves having the ability to intuitively facilitate improved performance based on knowledge, a crucial trait in the work environment. According to Mary White (2006), the modern workplace is â€Å"characterized by open communication, teamwork, and a mutual respect among employees and their supervisors† (2006). When we possess emotional intelligence, we can better understand our fellow employees, managers can better motivate those they supervise, and everyone in the work environment has improved communication with one another. The old school style and philosophy of management does not work in today’s world. Management by intimidation is noShow MoreRelatedEmotional, Emotional And Emotional Intelligence1666 Words   |  7 PagesEmotional intelligence is ‘the ability to perceive emotions, to access and generate emotions so as to assist thought, to understand emotions and emotional knowledge, and to reflectively regulate emotions so as to promote emotional and intellectual growth’ (Mayer Salovey, 1997). Emotional Intelligence is the ability to understand, accept and recognize our own emotions and feelings, including their impact on ourselves and other people and to use this knowledge to improve our own behaviours as wellRead MoreEmotional Intelligence: Emotional Intelligence E ssay1344 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is Emotional Intelligence: Emotional Intelligence, or EI, is defined as the ability or capacity to perceive, assess, and manage the emotions of ones self, and of others.ï ¿ ½ Arriving at the Emotional Quotient is the standard means of measuring the Emotional Intelligence of an individual. | The importance of EQ in the workplace: In recent times behavioral scientists around the world have arrived at the conclusion that IQ alone is not the primary factor that leads to better performing managersRead MoreEmotional Intelligence. I View Emotional Intelligence As1238 Words   |  5 PagesEmotional Intelligence I view Emotional intelligence as being able to keep my emotions in check, making sure they are appropriate, and that I am handling situations in the best emotional manner possible. Our emotional intelligence or lack there of, can significantly impact our future work relationships, and personal relationships. How we emotionally interpret information we are given and then process it for each situation we face is totally up to us. I encountered a situation last semester thatRead MoreEmotional Intelligence3151 Words   |  13 PagesEmotional Intelligence? Organizational Behavior Tamara Ramsey August 12, 2012 Abstract This paper examines how emotional intelligence and cognitive intelligence are associated with academic success and job performance. Emotional intelligence continues to pick up momentum in the world of business and academia. More and more research supports the concept that emotionally intelligent employees, managers, leaders, and companies produce noticeable business results. Employers are now lookingRead MoreEmotional Intelligence1914 Words   |  8 PagesEMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE `ABSTRACT Emotional Intelligence is a way of recognizing, understanding, and choosing how we think, feel, and act. It shapes our interactions with others and our understanding of ourselves. It defines how and what we learn; it allows us to set priorities; it determines the majority of our daily actions. Research suggests it is responsible for as much as 80% of the success in our lives. The Effective leader requires a high degree of Emotional Intelligence. In this studyRead MoreEmotional Intelligence15079 Words   |  61 PagesAn investigation of the employee perceptions on the relationship between employee job satisfaction and the leader’s emotional intelligence among the workers of Eskom in Alice Town 1 INTRODUCTION For organisations to survive in today’s changing world they should maintain their competitive advantage through the use of the whole workforce. In order for the change to take place, the employees, and the leaders should be adaptive to the environment, effective working and the continuous improvement ofRead MoreEmotional Intelligence7706 Words   |  31 PagesESSAY No. 19: EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE This assessment pertains to my personal emotional intelligence. This assessment aims to examine the four dimensions of my emotional ability and capacity based on Tapia’s emotional intelligence inventory chart. This assessment also aims to pinpoint the strong and weak points of my personal emotional behaviors especially in my daily encounter with the people inside and outside my organization. Based on the chart my scores for the four emotional dimensions are:Read MoreEmotional Intelligence And Physical Intelligence1655 Words   |  7 PagesEmotional Intelligence 2.0 In today’s society, there is a lot of emphasis placed on getting along with others. When working in a healthcare environment, this is especially important. We must be able to work well with a wide variety of personalities. Whether dealing with a difficult patient, a hostile coworker or handling our own emotions, it is necessary to be able to keep our own thoughts and emotions in check in order to have successful outcomes. I have decided to learn more about EmotionalRead MoreEmotional Intelligence And Interpersonal Intelligence1478 Words   |  6 Pagessituations regarding emotional intelligence. More specifically, the emotional intelligence faced between the employee and employer relationship. Emotional intelligence can be best defined as the ability to control and express one s emotions in a professional manner. In other words, emotional intelligence is the ability to communicate one s emotions in a manner that is both professional and productive. From this definition we can begin to make connections as to how emotional intelligence could cause problemsRead MoreEmotional Intelligence And Interpersonal Intelligence912 Words   |  4 PagesEmotional Intelligence Picture a world where humans could not understand each other’s feelings. It looks pretty bleak, right? Luckily, humans do have the ability to comprehend others’ facial and body expressions, emotions, and language. Since this is such a beneficial and amazing power that we hold, it has been labeled as a sort of intelligence- emotional intelligence. The ability to control and express our emotions, as well as understand, recognize, and response to others’ emotions is essential

How E Commerce Has Impacted The Behavior Of People

During the last decades the world has seen an unprecedented considerable growth in information and communication technology, in fact thanks to internet, most of the countries in the world are linked together via satellite and servers networks, and it keeps growing at an exponential rate. This revolutionary change has impacted the behavior of people in doing business and which had risen e-commerce. According to Laudon and Traver e-commerce is the use of internet, the web and different application to conduct digitally enabled transaction between businesses and individuals. In e-commerce it’s mandatory that these transaction involve an exchange of value across the part in concern in return for a service or a good. E-commerce have significantly transformed commerce, in deed beforehand, commerce involved that sale and purchase of good and service using traditional marketing tools, marketers were influencing consumer behavior via advertising. Consumers were unable to have an accurate and symmetric information about the price, the quality, the cost of the product that they were buying, as a result, seller s were taking advantage of information asymmetry to raise their profit. Whereas, e-commerce has brought up a significant reduction in information asymmetry between market forces and allowed markets to get closer to perfect market competition. However, e-commerce allows sel lers to collect more precise information about consumer behavior and preferences which has given them theShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Technology On Managerial Accounting Essay1863 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Technological advances have dramatically changed many aspects within organizations and influenced how they operate today. In particular, technology has modernized accounting information in the way that it stored, shared and transmitted. Technological advances have changed practices for management accountants, who provide financial statements for external users such as investors and government agencies and accounting information to internal users which primarily are managers withinRead MoreThe Case Of Ftc V. Wyndham Worldwide Corp1403 Words   |  6 PagesAmericans make online purchases and millions of dollars are spent through e-commerce. Whether it is clothes, books, videos, hotels, flights or even cars, nearly anything can be bought online. It is important for consumers to be assured of their identity protection and have peace of mind when ordering online. So when online retailers do not take the proper precautions for safeguarding their customer’s confidential informati on, how should they be held accountable? Does the Federal Trade Commission haveRead MoreOrganizational Behavior1318 Words   |  6 PagesManaging People in Global Economy (Chapter 1) kinicki kreitner, 2008, defines management as â€Å"the process of working with and through others to achieve organizational objectives in an efficient and ethical manner.† Management comprises: Planning, organizing, resourcing, leading/directing/motivating, and controlling. 1. Planning is decision making concerning what needs to happen in the future and generating plans for action. In other words planning is the organizational process of creating andRead MoreMy First Child By Anne Smith Essay2398 Words   |  10 Pagesinternet has made everyday tasks convenient and easy to the point where it takes the fraction of the time to purchase a product. This concept of purchasing items online is known as E-commerce. What is E-commerce? E-commerce is the buying and selling of goods using the internet. E-commerce has revolutionized how companies and consumers interact with one another and how the web . For the company market and sell their product. As a consumer, it has also influenced how we shop for items. E-commerceRead MoreThe E Commerce Industry3776 Words   |  16 Pagesmeans for the future of online exchange, or E-commerce. It is said that by 2016, the web will impact purchase decisions of sales totaling $2 trillion. This is over half of all retail transactions (van Bommel et.al.). Digital strategy is no longer something that can be overlooked, an extra tool for a company to take advantage of if they have the time, it is a key marketing driver in our technologically dependent society. The E-commerce industry as a whole has only been possible since commercial internetRead MoreE-Marketing Strategy of Hamrobazar.Com2169 Words   |  9 PagesBackground: Considering the current volume of internet marketing business, it’s hard to believe how young the internet marketplace is. While the timeline of internet marketing has been short, the cumulative events leading up to where we are now have impacted the entire globe faster than any marketing revolution in history. Today, it’s hard to believe in having an organization which doesn’t have some kind of online presence. When the internet was first introduced in the early 90s, the internet wasRead MoreCyber Predators And Its Effects On Children1593 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction: The cyber crime I have chosen is cyber-predators. Cyber predators are individuals who commit sexual abuse that begins or takes place on the Internet. Although the Internet did not create child predators, it has significantly increased the opportunities predators have to meet victims while minimizing detection. They can communicate with children anonymously through instant messaging, social networking sites, chat rooms, message boards, and even cell phones. Online predatorsRead MoreeCommerce Developments and Themes10793 Words   |  44 PagesE-Business Chapter 1 E-commerce Developments and Themes- 2003 More: ï  ® Use of the Internet to conduct commerce ï  ® deepening of e-commerce channel ï  ® Broadband and wireless Internet access ï  ® refined e-commerce business models (→ higher levels of profitability) But at societal level: continued conflict over copyrights, content regulation, taxation, privacy, and Internet fraud and abuse. E-commerce E-business E-commerce involves digitally enabled commercial transactions between and amongRead MoreManaging E Business Strategy Analysis Essay3478 Words   |  14 PagesMANAGEMENT STUDIES Managing E-Business Project Report SHARMISTHA [Pick the date] [Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.] â€Æ' Contents 1.0 Introduction 3 1.1 Introduction to E-Business and E-Commerce 3 1.1.1 Understanding the Various Terms 3 1.1.2 E-Commerce and E-Business 4 1.2 E-Business Infrastructure 5Read MoreThe Impact Of Electronic Commerce On The Development Of Electronic- Commerce3784 Words   |  16 Pagestechnology and communicative devices, electronic commerce and digital markets has steadily impacted the expansion of information systems, organizations, and society, on a global scale. The discussion of cultural differences as it relates to electronic commerce was identified while analyzing primary factors that markets should take into account. The characteristics and trends of each country examine the utilization of the Internet and electronic commerce. With attempts to compare the United States and

One-Dimensional Man - 1360 Words

The introduction of Herbert Marcuse’s book, â€Å"One-dimensional Man,† shows us the problem that a democratic society creates. Though this book was written back in 1964, many can agree that what he says is true in today’s society. Different scenarios are also brought up to show us how things will be affected due to the advancements of technology. Marcuse wants us to see what will happen and what has happened to society through a series of changes. Marcuse talked a lot about the necessities and luxuries of life. He called these the â€Å"true needs† and the â€Å"repressive needs.† He makes it a point to show us that the changes in society cause us to think differently. Most people are beginning to mistaken the â€Å"true needs† with the â€Å"repressive needs.†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦By this he wants us to realize that humans will soon be replaced by technology. There would be no need for people to be around factories anymore because everything can be done much faster and much more efficient with machines. This is the type of society that we are heading into. This is all due to the people that own these factories. The uses of machines have proven to be much more efficient and much more productive. Humans just can’t perform certain tasks that are needed to mass produce products. They just may be able to but the quality of the work wouldn’t compare to that of a machine’s wo rk. â€Å"Today political power asserts itself through its power over machine process and over the technical organization†¦.† (3). We can all agree that this statement still holds true today. The executive decisions, which are made in today’s society, are all made by those who own major companies or corporations. They have the most power because they have the most money. Their factories are mainly machines that create their product. Though they still require some manpower to run their system, they mainly rely on their machines, These select few people utilize the full potential use of technical, scientific and mechanical productivity (3). Marcuse makes a good point in saying â€Å"†¦ economic freedom would mean freedom from the economy†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (4). Those who have utilized the full potential ofShow MoreRelatedThe Century Of The Self888 Words   |  4 Pagesmore free conditions, and then the different kinds of limitation will be more. The society has created one-dimensional man of only material life, without the spiritual life and no creative. He tried to establish a rational civilization â€Å"sublimation†. Marcuse accused the popularization and commercialization of art as a repressive social tool, and lead to people and culture become one-dimensional. Sublimation is a displacement of desire that serves a higher purpose. Think about the film and the theoryRead MoreMy Final Artwork Project Was Produced And Inspired By The Reading Of Herbert Marcuse1270 Words   |  6 PagesMy final artwork project was produced and inspired by the reading of Herbert Marcuse. It is a glass puppet. This puppet came to life due to the reflection of his book, titled One Dimensional Man. Marcuse was a German-American philosopher, sociologist, and political theorist. He was associated with the Frankfurt School of critical theory; a social and political philosophical movement of thought. Also during the 60’s and 70’s, he became a major theorist of the New Left. This was a broad politicalRead MoreAnalysis Of Herbert Marcuses One Dimensional Man872 Words   |  4 Pagesbook One-Dimensional Man in the 1960’s during at the height of the Cold War. The book One Dimensional Man was both influential and highly critical of modern industrial capitalism and as Marcuse believed, its subsequent exploitation of people and nature, as well as its contribution to modern consumer culture and new forms of social control. One Dimensional Man offers an analysis of the new state of consumerism during the 1960’s through a critical lens. This essay will focus on One Dimensional Man asRead MoreThe Close Of The First World War1510 Words   |  7 Pagesintellectuals. One such change was the gradual shift of socialist theory eastward into the nascent Soviet Union. This left a large void in previous centers of European socialist thought; most notably the ensuing vacuum of ideological orientation among left-wing German intellectuals. This vacuum predicated the founding of the Frankfurt School at the Institut fà ¼r Sozialforschung. The theorists of the Frankfurt School quickly became a revitalizing force in orthodox western European Marxism. One of the mostRead MoreHow Does The Change Made People Pay More Attention?1123 Words   |  5 Pagespainter of a well-known painting-The Last Supper, Leonar do da Vinci is remarked as â€Å"Universal Genius† and â€Å"Renaissance Man†. His drawing labeled Vitruvian Man symbolizes the ideal human body, geometry, and human potential. The brilliant book written by William Shakespeare, Hamlet, includes self-awareness, introspection, and musings about human beings. The School of Athens produced by one of the most renowned persons during the Medieval era, Raphael, included a shift toward individual worth, potentialRead More Pablo Picasso and Cubic Art Essay1621 Words   |  7 Pagescreated have crossing boundaries both culturally and artistically, a viewer can have broader perspectives and critical analysis of life, death, and desire or the morality as well as science and technology or fiction. Picasso explains all these things in one artwork called Girl Before the Mirror, Oil on canvas, 54 X 43. Girl Before the Mirror is created in 1932 and it is said that the girl in the painting is his at the time girl friend Marie Therese Walter. No matter who is drawn in the pictureRead MoreJohannes Vermeer And Albert Bierstadt1398 Words   |  6 PagesVermeer’s The Music Lesson and The Concert both focus on musicians during the 1600’s. One of the most important cues that Vermeer used in these paintings is color perspective. Color perspective is the cue that uses saturation in color to help pull objects forward, while using hue to cause images to fall into the background. In The Music Lesson, Vermeer uses color perspective to put focus on the woman playing the piano and man standing next to her by making their clothing and objects surrounding them vibrantRead MoreEssay about Art Appreciation - Anger of Achilles Painting944 Words   |  4 Pagesof each character in this painting drew me in even more. I wanted to know more: Why? Who? What was about to happen? At first gla nce, it seemed as though the woman in the background, Clytemnestra the mother, is being disturbed. King Agamemnon, the man portrayed in the foreground, appears to be directing the soldier, Achilles, as he is about to strike. After reading the history behind the painting, I better understand the expressions shown and see how they enhance the story that David is portrayingRead More Stereotypes and Stereotyping of Characters of The Great Gatsby1043 Words   |  5 Pagesfor being an excellent writer, for expertly describing the Jazz Age, and for having a drinking problem.   However, he is not so well known for creating deep and intriguing characters.   In The Great Gatsby, the majority of the characters remain one-dimensional and unchanging throughout the novel.   They are simply known from the viewpoint of Nick Carraway, the participating narrator.   Some insight is given into characters in the form of their dialogue with Nick, however, they never really become deepRead More Comparing the Movies A Time to Kill, by John Grisham and To Kill a Mockingbird1285 Words   |  6 Pages The movie based on John Grishams A Time to Kill is a Hollywoodized, modern-day version of To Kill a Mockingbird. Both movies employ many of the same themes and plot elements; but the former movie is one-dimensional and predictable while the latter is innovative and purposeful. The movie version of Harper Lees novel To Kill a Mockingbird is considered a classic film, whereas John Grisham?s adapted novel is merely another example of the money making efforts of Hollywood. Some of the movies

DRINKING Essay Example For Students

DRINKING Essay Despite a minimum legal drinking age of 21, many young people in the United States consume alcohol. Some abuse alcohol by drinking frequently or by binge drinkingoften defined as having five or more drinks* in a row. A minority of youth may meet the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria for alcohol dependence (1,2). The progression of drinking from use to abuse to dependence is associated with biological and psychosocial factors. This Alcohol Alert examines some of these factors that put youth at risk for drinking and for alcohol-related problems and considers some of the consequences of their drinking. For many people, the facts about alcoholism are not clear. What is alcoholism, exactly? How does it differ from alcohol abuse? When should a person seek help for a problem related to his or her drinking? The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) has prepared this booklet to help individuals and families answer thes e and other common questions about alcohol problems. The information below will explain alcoholism and alcohol abuse, symptoms of each, when and where to seek help, treatment choices, and additional helpful resources. For most people, alcohol is a pleasant accompaniment to social activities. Moderate alcohol useup to two drinks per day for men and one drink per day for women and older people (A standard drink is one 12-ounce bottle of beer or wine cooler, one 5-ounce glass of wine, or 1.5 ounces of 80-proof distilled spirits) is not harmful for most adults. Nonetheless, a substantial number of people have serious trouble with their drinking. Currently, nearly 14 million Americans1 in every 13 adultsabuse alcohol or are alcoholic. Several million more adults engage in risky drinking patterns that could lead to alcohol problems. In addition, approximately 53 percent of men and women in the United States report that one or more of their close relatives have a drinking problem. The consequences of alcohol misuse are seriousin many cases, life-threatening. Heavy drinking can increase the risk for certain cancers, especially those of the liver, esophagus, throat, and larynx (voice box). It can also cau se liver cirrhosis, immune system problems, brain damage, and harm to the fetus during pregnancy. In addition, drinking increases the risk of death from automobile crashes, recreational accidents, and on-the-job accidents and also increases the likelihood of homicide and suicide. In purely economic terms, alcohol-use problems cost society approximately $100 billion per year. In human terms, the costs are incalculable. Alcoholism, which is also known as alcohol dependence syndrome, is a disease that is characterized by the following elements: ? Craving: A strong need, or compulsion, to drink. ? Loss of control: The frequent inability to stop drinking once a person has begun. ? Physical dependence: The occurrence of withdrawal symptoms, such as nausea, sweating, shakiness, and anxiety, when alcohol use is stopped after a period of heavy drinking. These symptoms are usually relieved by drinking alcohol or by taking another sedative drug. ? Tolerance: The need for increasing amounts of alcohol in order to get high. Alcoholism has little to do with what kind of alcohol one drinks, how long one has been drinking, or even exactly how much alcohol one consumes. But it has a great deal to do with a persons uncontrollable need for alcohol. This description of alcoholism helps us understand why most alcoholics cant just use a little willpower to stop drinking. He or she is frequently in the grip of a powerfu l craving for alcohol, a need that can feel as strong as the need for food or water. While some people are able to recover without help, the majority of alcoholic individuals need outside assistance to recover from their disease. With support and treatment, many individuals are able to stop drinking and rebuild their lives. Many people wonder: Why can some individuals use alcohol without problems, while others are utterly unable to control their drinking? Recent research supported by NIAAA has demonstrated that for many people, a vulnerability to alcoholism is inherited. Yet it is important to recognize that aspects of a persons environment, such as peer influences and the availability of alcohol, also are significant influences. Both inherited and environmental influences are called risk factors. But risk is not destiny. Just because alcoholism tends to run in families doesnt mean that a child of an alcoholic parent will automatically develop alcoholism. .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540 , .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540 .postImageUrl , .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540 , .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540:hover , .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540:visited , .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540:active { border:0!important; } .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540:active , .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540 .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7125f8bbc632171c018b665d65613540:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: John Biggers: The Impact and Significance of Symbolization in African American Art EssayAlcohol abuse differs from alcoholism in that it does not include an extremely strong craving for alcohol, loss of control, or physical dependence. In addition, alcohol abuse is less likely than alcoholism to include tolerance (the need for increasing amounts of alcohol to get high). Alcohol abuse is defined as a pattern of drinking that is accompanied by one or more of the following situations within a 12-month period: ? Failure to fulfill major work, school, or home responsibilities; ? Drinking in situations that are physically dangerous, such as while driving a car or operating machi nery; ? Recurring alcohol-related legal problems, such as being arrested for driving under the influence of alcohol or for physically hurting someone while drunk; ? Continued drinking despite having ongoing relationship problems that are caused or worsened by the effects of alcohol. While alcohol abuse is basically different from alcoholism, it is important to note that many effects of alcohol abuse are also experienced by alcoholics. How can you tell whether you, or someone close to you, may have a drinking problem? Answering the following four questions can help you find out. (To help remember these questions, note that the first letter of a key word in each of the four questions spells CAGE.) ? Have you ever felt you should Cut down on your drinking? ? Have people Annoyed you by criticizing your drinking? ? Have you ever felt bad or Guilty about your drinking? ? Have you ever had a drink first thing in the morning to steady your nerves or to get rid of a hangover (Eye opener)? One yes response suggests a possible alcohol problem. If you responded yes to more than one question, it is highly likely that a problem exists. In either case, it is important that you see your doctor or other health care provider right away to discuss your responses to these questions. He or she can help you determine whether you have a drinking problem and, if so, recommend the best course of action for you. Even if you answered no to all of the above questions, if you are encountering drinking-related problems with your job, relationships, health, or with the law, you should still seek professional help. The effects of alcohol abuse can be extremely seriouseven fatalboth to you and to others. Acknowledging that help is needed for an alcohol problem may not be easy. But keep in mind that the sooner a person gets help, the better are his or her chances for a successful recovery. Any reluctance you may feel about discussing your drinking with your health care professional may stem from common misconceptions about alcoholism and alcoholic people. In our society, the myth prevails that an alcohol problem is somehow a sign of moral weakness. As a result, you may feel that to seek help is to admit some type of shameful defect in yourself. In fact, however, alcoholism is a disease that is no more a sign of weakness than is asthma or diabetes. Moreover, taking steps to identify a possible drinking problem has an enormous payoffa chance for a healthier, more rewarding life. When you visit your health care provider, he or she will ask you a number of questions about your alcohol use to determine whether you are experiencing problems related to your drinking. Try to answer these ques tions as fully and honestly as you can. You also will be given a physical examination. If your health care professional concludes that you may be dependent on alcohol, he or she may recommend that you see a specalist in diagnosing and treating alcoholism. You should be involved in making referral decisions and have all treatment choices explained to you. The nature of treatment depends on the severity of an individuals alcoholism and the resources that are available in his or her community. Treatment may include detoxification (the process of safely getting alcohol out of ones system); taking doctor-prescribed medications, such as disulfiram (Antabuse) or naltrexone (ReViaTM), to help prevent a return to drinking once drinking has stopped; and individual and/or group counseling. There are promising types of counseling that teach recovering alcoholics to identify situations and feelings that trigger the urge to drink and to find new ways to cope that do not include alcohol use. Any of these treatments may be provided in a hospital or residential treatment setting or on an outpatient basis. Because the involvement of family members is important to the recovery process, many programs also offer brief marital counseling and family therapy as part of the treatment process. Some programs also link up individuals with vital community resour ces, such as legal assistance, job training, child care, and parenting classes. Virtually all alcoholism treatment programs also include meetings of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), which describes itself as a worldwide fellowship of men and women who help each other to stay sober. While AA is generally recognized as an effective mutual help program for recovering alcoholics, not everyone responds to AAs style and message, and other recovery approaches are available. Even those who are helped by AA usually find that AA works best in combination with other elements of treatment, including counseling and medical care. Bibliography:

Calcium Carbonate and Ca2+ Ions Essay Example

Calcium Carbonate and Ca2+ Ions Essay Experiment. EDTA Titration of Ca2+ in an unknown solution Experiment. EDTA Titration of Ca2+ in an unknown water sample Modified 9/2012 Objective: The most common multivalent metal ions in natural waters are Ca2+ and Mg2+. In this experiment, you will find the total concentration of calcium ions that can react with EDTA with the assumptions that EDTA reacts 1:1 with metal (Ca2+) ions. Equipment 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask (3) 50-mL Buret Ring-stand and hardware Desiccator 400-mL Beaker 500-mL Vol. flask 250-mL Vol. flask 1. 0-mL Vol Pipette 100-mL Grad cylinder Hot plate Safety and Waste Disposal Chemicals Buffer (pH 10): Add 142 mL of 28 wt % aqueous NH3 to 17. 5 g of NH4Cl and dilute to 250 mL with water. Eriochrome black T indicator: Dissolve 0. 2 g of the solid indicator in 15 mL of triethanolamine plus 5 mL of absolute ethanol. 50 wt % NaOH: Dissolve 100 g of NaOH in 100 g of H2O in a 250-mL plastic bottle. Store tightly capped. When you remove solution with a pipet, try not to disturb the solid Na2CO3 precipitate. Discussion: Hard water is due to metal ions (minerals) that are dissolved in the ground water. These minerals include Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe3+, SO42-, and HCO3-. We will write a custom essay sample on Calcium Carbonate and Ca2+ Ions specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Calcium Carbonate and Ca2+ Ions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Calcium Carbonate and Ca2+ Ions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Generally hard water arises because rainwater moves through limestone, CaCO3 underground that occurs in our area to the aquifer. This is why we measure hardness in terms of CaCO3. The concentration of the Ca2+ ions is greater than the concentration of any other metal ion in our water. The determination of water hardness is routinely used to measure the quality of water that the general public uses. Originally, water hardness was defined as the measure of the capacity of the water to precipitate soap. Hard water is not a health hazard since the main chemical in hard water is calcium. People regularly take calcium supplements. In fact, hard water can be a source of necessary minerals (calcium and magnesium) that is necessary for good health. Indeed, the National Academy of Science go so far as stating that that consuming extremely hard water could be a major contributor of calcium and magnesium to the diet. The problem with hard water is that it cause soap scum, clog pipes and clog boilers. Soap scum is formed when the calcium ion binds with the soap. This causes an insoluble compound that precipitates to form the scum you see. Soap actually softens hard water by removing the Ca2+ ions from the water. When hard water is heated, CaCO3 precipitates out, which then clogs pipes and industrial boilers. This leads to malfunction or damage and is expensive to remove. There are two types of water hardness, temporary and permanent. Temporary hardness is due to the bicarbonate ion, HCO3-, being present in the water. This type of hardness can be removed by boiling the water to expel the CO2, as indicated by the following equation: HCO3- (aq) ? H2O (l) + CO2 (g). Because bicarbonate can be removed it is classified as temporary hardness. Permanent hardness is due to the presence of the ions Ca2+, Mg+2, Fe3+ and SO4-2. Because boiling cannot eliminate this type of hardness, the water is said to be permanently hard. The table below shows the degree of hardness of the water in terms of its calcium carbonate concentration in ppm and grains. Hardness rating Soft Medium Hard Hard Very Hard Concentration of Calcium Carbonate (mg/L or ppm) 0 75 75 to 150 150 to 300 300 and greater Concentration of Calcium Carbonate (grains/US gallon) 0 to 5. 2 5. 2 to 10. 5 10. 5 to 21 21 and greater Permanent hardness is usually determined by titrating it with a standard solution of ethylenediamminetetraacetic acid, EDTA. The EDTA is a complexing, or chelating agent used to capture the metal ions. This causes water to soften, but the metal ions however, are not removed from the water. EDTA simply binds the metal ions so that the ions do not precipitate to form soap scum. EDTA is a versatile chelating agent. A chelating agent is a substance whose molecules can form several bonds to a single metal ion. Chelating agents are multidentate ligands. A ligand is a substance that binds with a metal ion to form a complex ion. Multi-dentate ligands are many clawed, holding onto the metal ion to form a very stable complex. EDTA can form four or six bonds with a metal ion. It is frequently used in soaps and detergents because it forms complexes with calcium and magnesium ions. The ions in hard water are bound to the EDTA and cannot interfere with the cleaning action of the soap or detergent. EDTA is also used in foods. Certain enzymes are responsible for food spoilage. EDTA is used to remove metal ions from these enzymes. It is used to promote color retention in dried bananas, beans, chick peas, canned clams, pecan pie filling, frozen potatoes and canned shrimp. It is used to improve flavor retention in canned carbonated beverages, beer, salad dressings, mayonnaise, margarine, and sauces. It inhibits rancidity in salad dressings, mayonnaise, sauces and salad spreads. In this lab you will be asked to determine the total permanent hardness. EDTA grabs all the metal ions in the water, not just the Ca2+ ions. This gives us a value that is not truly the concentration of Ca2+ ions. This causes an experimental error of about 1%, which is acceptable due to the fuzzy endpoints in this type of titration. Erio-T indicator or Eriochrome Black-T indicator is used in this titration. When it is chelated or acidifies, it produces a Pink-Red solution. When it is not chelated and under basic conditions it is Blue. The three pictures show the end point in this titration. There is a 1-drop difference of 0. 01 M EDTA between the first and second pictures and between the second and third pictures. Two or three seconds were allowed for colors in the second and third pictures to develop after adding the additional drop. In each case the solution was thoroughly mixed. This color change from wine red to violet to blue is due to the compact nature of the complex. Experiment. EDTA Titration of Ca2+ in an unknown solution PROCEDURE Modified 9/2012 1. Dry Na2H2EDTA. 2H2O (FM 372. 24) at 80 ° C for 1 h and cool in the desiccator. Accurately weigh out ~ 0. 6 g and dissolve it with heating in 400 mL of water in a beaker. Cool to room temperature pour into a 500-mL volumetric flask. , mix and dilute to the mark. 2. You should practice finding the end point several times by adding a little tap water in a clean beaker and titrating with EDTA. Save a solution at the end point to use as a color comparison for other titrations. 3. Pipet a 1-mL sample of unknown into a 250-mL flask and fill to the mark with deionized water. Mix thoroughly. From this 250-mL stock solution draw 4, 50mL aliquot samples and place each aliquot in 250mL Erlenmeyer flasks. To each sample, add 3 mL of pH 10 buffer and 6 drops of Eriochrome black T indicator. To the first 50-ml solution, titrate with EDTA from a 50-mL buret and note when the color changes from wine red to blue. 4. Repeat the titration with the next three samples to find an accurate value of the total Ca2+ concentration. Perform a blank titration with 50 mL of distilled water and subtract the value of the blank from each result. 5. Upon completion of the experiment, discard all solution in a chemical waste bottle and wash out the glassware. Be sure to dry your buret in the upside down position. _________________________________________________________ Calculations – Analysis: Analyte Ca2+ The reaction of Ca2+ ions with H2EDTA2- takes place with a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio: Ca2+ + EDTA2- ? At the end point of the titration, 1-equivalent of Ca2+ reacts with one equivalent of H2EDTA2-. 1 eqv Ca2+ = 1 eqv H2EDTA2-; equivalent Ca2+ = [H2EDTA2-] †¢ Vol EDTA CaH2EDTA. Recall that the analyte (we call this unknown solution) was prepared by taking exactly 1-mL of the unknown solution and diluting in a 250-mL volumetric flask (we will call this the stock solution) 50-mL aliquot (call this the analyte) of this solution was then titrated against EDTA. Note that the analyte concentration is equal to the stock solution concentration. The mass Ca2+ in 1 mL aliquot unknown: Mass of Ca2+ in 50mL Sample = H 2EDTA2? $ †¢ Vol EDTA $ = mol H 2EDTA2- = mol Ca2+in 50mL Analyte # % # % Mass of Ca2+ in 1mL of unknown = mol Ca2+ ? 250mL aliquot Ca2+ __ g Ca2+ ? 50mL Analyte mol ? ? Dilution Factor Atomic mass Ca Mass of Ca2+ in 1 L solution: Mass Ca2+ in 1 L = mass Ca2+ in 1 mL Aliquot †¢ 1000 mL 1 mL Concentration of unknown by percent (m:v), parts per hundred (m:v) and Molarity (M): Mass Ca in 1mL aliquot Vol aliquot solution used % Ca2+ m:v = †¢100 ppm Ca2+ m:v = Mass Ca in 1mL aliquot Vol aliquot solution used †¢106 Molarity Ca2+ = mass Ca2+ in 1mL †¢ 1 mol Ca __g Ca ? ? ? molar mass Ca †¢ 1 Volume in L of unknown Aliquot used Mass in grams of calcium carbonate unknown in 1L solution: Mass CaCO 3 in 1-L = mass ppt (g) †¢ 1 mol CaC 2O 4 †¢H 2O __ g CaC 2O 4 †¢H 2O ? molar mass CaC O †¢H O 2 4 2 †¢ 1 mol CaCO 3 1 mol CaC 2O 4 †¢H 2O 1 mol CaCO 3 Vol in L of aliquot ? ? ? ? Molar mass CaCO 3 †¢ __ g CaCO 3 †¢ 1L Dilution Factor Statistical Analysis – 1. Report the mean, medium, standard deviations (s), relative standard deviation (RSD), variance (s2) and the 95% confidence interval for your results. 2. 3. 4. Apply the student’s t test at the 95% confidence interval Apply a Q-test to any suspected result. Confidence interval = x + ts n 5. Compare the results of this experiment to the previous experiment, Gravimetric determination of Ca. Apply the Comparison of Means with Student’s t, Case2 (p76) Comparing Replicate Measurements. Do the two methods agree within the 95% confidence interval? â‚ ¬ Test for Outlier Apply a Grubb’s Test and Q-Test for any suspected outliers at 95 % level. See page 83 of text for critical values for 95% confidence. If your results show an anomalous data then use the Q-test to determine if the result should be rejected. Q= (Suspected Value Nearest Value) (Suspected Value Furthest Value) G calc = | Questionable value x| s Table of Data, Results and Statistical Analysis: Calcium Raw Data 1. Unknown number 2 Mass of EDTA used 3 Concentration of EDTA 4 Volume of Unknown Ca2+ Solution 5 Volume EDTA during titration 6 Volume EDTA for blank trials 7 Q-Test (95%) of any outlier Analysis and Results 8 Mass of calcium in 1-mL aliquot (Average) 9 Mass of calcium in 1-L solution (Average) 10 Conc. of calcium, %, ppm (m:v) and Molarity (Average) 11 Mass of calcium carbonate in 1-L (Average) Statistical Analysis 12 Averages and Standard deviations of all results 13 Variance, RSD and CV of all results 14 95% Confidence interval 15 ttable and tcalc for replicate measurements DiscussionThe goal of this experiment was to determine the â€Å"hardness† of the unknown sample by calculating the concentration of calcium ions in an analyte solution. Correcting for dilution factors, the concentration of calcium in the unknown in g/L is to be determined and compared to analysis for calcium by EDTA titration. Statistical analysis is applied to the results. A discussion of this experiment should include the accuracy and precision of this experiment compared to the EDTA titration method. An analysis of a comparison of replicated measurement is performed and discussed. Table of results should include Include in your summary table the following: i) Moles of Ca2+ in the unknown and the average equivalent value. ii) Concentration of [Ca2+ ] in the unknown in molarity, ppm and g/L iv) Mean, standard deviations, RSD and CV for each of the above concentration units. v) Student’s t at the 95% confidence interval vi) Application of a G and Q-test to any suspected result at the 95% level. vii) ttable, tcalc, Conclusion on comparison of replicated measurements. . Experiment. EDTA Titration of Ca2+ in an unknown solution Modified 9/2012 Sample data table. Sample Unknown # ______ Mass Na2EDTA, (g) Molarity Na2EDTA, (M) Vol. unknown, (ml) Buret Volinitial, (ml) Buret Volfinal, (ml) Volume EDTA used, (ml) Vol EDTA for blank, (ml) Corrected Col EDTA, (ml) Trial 1 Mass Ca2+ in 1 ml aliquot (g) Mass Ca2+ in 1-L solution (g) Concentration Ca (%) Concentration Ca (ppm) Molarity Ca2+, unknown (M) Mass calcium carbonate in 1L Q and G Test for Outliner CaCO3 (g/L), unknown Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Average Std dev Variance RSD , CV 95% CL Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Blank Student’s t Analysis: Comparing replicate measurements Analysis A: CaCO3 (g/L) 1 2 3 4 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Avg Avg X1bar X2bar Sqrt ((n1*n2)/(n1+n2)) (xi-x1)^2 deg freedom Spooled Expt 2 Expt 3 Ex2 (Xi-Xbar)^2 Ex3 (Xi-Xbar)^2 T calc t table Conclusion T calc ? T table, at 95%, two result are (not) considered to be different EDTA Titration of Ca2+ in an unknown solution. # 1 2 CRITERIA (Tentative point distribution may change depending on experiment) Quiz / Homework [NONE} Introduction and Procedures A. Introduction †¢ Objective of Expt. †¢ Background information. †¢ Math relationship used in study. B. Procedures †¢ Outline of procedures in Expt. †¢ Flow chart pictorial of procedures. Procedural changes. †¢ Information (data) to be recorded during experiment. (to be presented in Table form. ) †¢ Safety and disposal information. This portion of the report should be turned in before the start of lab class (prelab discussion). Data, Observe. , Results and Calc. C. Data and Observation †¢ Data in table form. detailed observations written in the table. All data entry should contain the proper number of significant figures and units. Data should always be recorded in an organize fashion. †¢ Balance chemical equations; all chemical reaction which occurred during an experiment should be written in this section. Then it should also be written in the discussion portion of the report. This portion of the report should be turned in before you leave the laboratory. Calculations Results D. Calculations †¢ Sample calculation shown with Excel spreadsheet available with formulas shown †¢ Statistical analysis of data and result. Avg, Std dev, RSD, CV E. Results †¢ Summary of Result(s) in table form. In this section accuracy of results is very important as well as detailed calculation showing how the result was obtain. Unknown will also be included in this section. Discussion / Conclusions and Post-Lab Questions F. Discussion (Talking points) †¢What is your final result in this experiment. Are the four trials consistent with each other? If not what would account for the inconsistencies? How did the results in this experimental result compare to the result in experiment 2? Is your result for the amount of calcium carbonate in your unknown within the range of 10 – 25 g/L? Elaborate on this. What is the average amount of calcium in tap water, how much more higher is this unknown compared to the average content in tap water (express in %). G. Conclusion †¢ Summary of the goal of the experiment and how that goal was achieved in the experiment. H. Post-lab questions or Editorial comment †¢ What did you learn in this experiment? What skills in lab practice did you develop through this expt? This portion (Calculation and Discussion) is turned in at the beginning of class of the due-date Overall Presentation (of lab notebook) †¢ Lab technique during experiment; example are, class preparation, safety glasses precautions and leaving the laboratory clean. †¢ Report presentation: examples are the headings of each report that includes name, title, lab partner, date and section #, witness signature. Legibility of report. Is the report easy to read or is important information jotted down by small print in the corners of the lab report. The overall impression is important. Lab Technique †¢ Safety: wear goggles, handle chemicals with caution, proper handling of lab equipment †¢ Leave lab clean and tidy Score ______/10 _______ Student’s t ____/5 pts % Score 5 3 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 6 5 Unknown __________% Error Total (This total may be adjusted depending on lab technique and student conduct in the experiment) 50